Carburetor



Jan. 26, 1932.

J. R. FRANCIS 1,842,865

CARBURETOR Ffiled Aug. 2e, 1926 s sheets-sheet 1 i far/@f2 Jan. 26, 1932. J. R, FRANClS 1,842,865

CARBURETOR Filed Aug. 26, 1926 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 `z-m. 26, 1932. J, R. FRANCIS CARBURETOR Filed Aug. 26. 1926 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Inventor HIIIIIIIIIIWH l l Patented Jan. ze, 1932 UNITED-,STATES J'A COB RICHARD FRANCIS, 0F FLINT, MICHIGAN cAnBUaE'i-on.

Application fled Lug'ust`26,v192. vSerial No. 131,743.

i This mventlon relates to kcertaln new and useful improvements 1n carburetorsand more particularly to thattype of carburetor pro-v vided with a high anda low speed nozzle, the

`,5 object being to provide means for metering the fuel delivered to the high speed nozzle in connection with means for injecting fuel through said high speed nozzle by the movement of the throttle so that when the throttle i is suddenly opened, fuel will be injected through the high speed nozzle into the mixing chamber of the carburetor to allow the engine to accelerate.

Another object of myinvention is to prof vide novel means.Y for regulating the volume of fuel injected by the movement of the 'throttle so thatthe carburetor can beadjusted for winter-and summer use whereby when so adjusted, the volume of fuel delivered by the sudden opening of the throttle in winter will begreater than that injected by 'the movement of the throttle in summer. f

A still further object of the invention is to provide a construction of carburetor wherein` the fuel from the fuel bowl in its passage tov the high speed. nozzle passes into a well in which is mounted a plunger having a connecf tion with the throttle ofthe carburetor, said plunger carrying a metering pin which 4meters 30 the fuel delivered to the high speed nozzle at all times under'normal running conditions,

said meteringpin beingmoved out of operative position when the throttle is in wide open position so as toincrease the volume of fuel j supplied lto the high speed nozzle at" high yspeedl of the engine to which` the carburetor is attached. v

lLA still further object of the invention is to provide'a veryvsimple construction of means 40 for adjusting the carburetor for winter and summer use .whichis accomplished by means of a check valve disposed inthe fuel passage leading from the fuel bowl to the liighjspeed nozzle so thatwhen the plun er is forced downwardly, -said valve willI e seated in) order to'prevent the fuel from passing back int the bowl, thereby compelling-the fuel to i pass through thehigh speed nozzle. A l Another objectfof the invention is to pro'- vide means for holding thecheck valve -1in-- seated so as to allow the greater portion of fuel to pass back into the bowl without being injected into the mixing chamber of the carburetor through the high speed nozzle.

Other and further objects and advantages of the invention will be hereinafter set forthand the novel features thereof defined by the appended claims. In the drawings, Y. p Figure l is a side elevation of my improved construction of carburetor partly in section showing the throttle in full open position andthe plunger forced downwardly to inject fuel through. the highspeed nozzle into the mixing chamber of the carburetor.

Y Figure 2 is a horizontal section showing the high land low speed nozzle;

Figure 3 is an Yinverted plan view partly broken away; Y Figure Llis an enlarged vertical section of ythe accelerating well and fuel bowl showing ythe passage of fuel fromthe well to the fuel piston descends; l Figure 5 is a perspective view of the vcheck valve detached; and

Figure is a top plan view of a portion of the fuel bowl cover showing the arm for adjusting the member for controlling the check valve.

In the embodiment of my invention as here- 1n shown, the carburetor is constructed of a body 1 and a base 2, which are secured together in any suitable manner, such as by bolts, the body being provided with a carbureting passage having an air inlet 3 and Y an outlet 4 for the mixture which is adapted to be connected to the intake manifold' of an internal combustion engine.

controlled by a throttle valve 5 carried by' a The outlet'of the -carbureting passage is l lbowl and to the high speed nozzle as the v Jstem 6 having an arm 7 for operatin the.' i

same whichy is connected through sultable 1. linkage to the ordinary throttlel control and accelerator'arranged in the body of the automobile.

8. Arranged within the carbureting assage is a body 9 having a vertical bore `in t e form of va Venturi tube 10 into which extends a The inlet is provided with a choke valve l low speed nozzle 11. Extending transversely through the body is a shaft 12 carrying a suction controlled lvalve 13, under which is arranged a high speed nozzle 14, the movement of the screw 15.

The construction thus far described is substantially the same as the well known type of Marvel carburetor as disclosed in the patent issued to Pierce No. 1,366,831, January 25, 1921, wherein a high and a low speed nozzle are employed for delivering fuel into the mixing chamber.

The base 2 carries a fuel bowl 16 having the usual float controlled needle valve 17 so as to maintain the fuel at a predetermined level.

within the fuel bowl, the same being enclosed by a cover 18 secured in position by a spring 'arm 19 in order to allow the cover to be readily secured in position in such a manner that it can be readily attached or removed.

Fuel is su plied to the low speed nozzle 11 through a uel passage 20 and to the lhigh speed nozzle through passages 21 and 22. The passage 21 communicates with a tube 23 extending upwardly into the fuel bowl and is provided with a valve chamber 24 in which is mounted an inverted cup-shaped check valve 25, the walls of which arenotched as clearly shown so as to allow `fuel to pass through the notches. The valve is adapted to Seat on a seat formed on a shoulder 26 of the tube and the upper portion of the tube is provided with oppositely disposed-fuel passages 27, the valve chamber 24 being of sucha size that when the valve is in the position shown in Figure 4, fuel passes through these fuel passages 27 through the valve into the lower portion of the sleeve 23 and into the passagei 21.

orking within the sleeve 23 is a spring pressed plunger 29 which extends upwardly through the cover and through a collar 30 fixed thereon which is provided with notches 31 adapted to receive the V-shaped portions 32 of an arm 33 fixed on the upper end of the Lplunger 29, said arm being in the'form of a pointer so when the arm is oscillated, the V-shaped portions will drop into the V-shaped notches in order to allow the plunger to descend and engage the check valve 25 to hold it of its seat and when the arm 33 is turned so as to cause the V-shaped portions to ride out of the V-shaped notches, the plunger will be held upwardly out of the path of travel of the check valve as shown in Figure 1, whereby the check valve will seat by the pressure of the iuid against thesame so as to prevent the fuel from passing back into A the bowl as will be later described.

The words Winter and Summer are printed on the cover in the path of travel of the pointer or arm 33 to designate the posivalve being retarded by a spring not shown, arranged Within an adjusting as to allow a certain amount of fuel to be tion of thefpointer in accordance with the seasons.

The plunger 29 is surrounded by a coil spring 34 which normally Aforces the plunger downwardly. An opening 35 is drilled through the tube into the valve chamber 24 so forced back into the fuel bowl, the opening beingpcalibrated so as to control the volume as will be hereinafter fully described.

The fuel passage 21 terminates in a well 36, the upper end of which is closed by a plug 37 through which extends a plunger 38 reduced as shown at 39 on which is loosely mounted a piston 40, said plunger having a passage 41 terminating in the bifurcated portion 42 so that the upper portion of the well above the piston will be in communication with the atmosphere to prevent a partial vacuum being formed in the well as the piston is moved u and down. Pivotally mounted in the bifurcated portion 42 of the plunger 38 is a link 43 which is pivotally mounted on a stud pin 44 carried by the arm 7 of the throttle so that as the throttle is opened and closed, the plunger is moved upwardly and downwardly.

The fuel passage 22 of the high speed nozzle 14 communicates with a chamber 45 which is in communication with the bottom of the well through a plu 46 having a calibrated opening 47 throug which extends a metering pin 48 carried by the plunger 38, said metering pin being enlarged as shown at 49. In the normal running condition of the engine, the enlarged portion 49 is in the calibrated opening 47 so as to meter the volume of fuel which passes to the high speed nozzle. As the plunger descends, the enlarged portion is moved out of the calibrated opening and the reduced portion increases the free area of the calibrated opening 47 so as to increase the volume of fuel supplied to the high speed nozzle.

The operation of the carburetor is as follows: Assuming that the pointer has been adjusted into the position as shown in Figure 1 so as to move the plunger 39 out of the path of travel of the check valve 25 and that the throttle is in closed or partly closed p0- sition, fuel passes from the fuel bowl through the fuel passages and well, the volume being metered by the metering pin so that a predetermined quantity of fuel is supplied to the high speed nozzle. When the throttle valve is suddenly opened, fuel which has collected in the well is injected by the plunger through the high speed nozzle so as to allow quick acceleration of the motor. As the plunger descends, fuel is forced through the calibrated opening 47 to the high speed nozzle, a portion of the same flowing to the fuel passage 21. The pressureraises the check valve so as to close the fuel passage whereby the greater portion of the fuel within the well is caused to flow throughthehiglisp'eed nozzle.

When fthe arm` or--pointeri 33 is adjusted into the position shown in Figure 4, when the throttle is suddenly opened and the plunger descends, the fuel within the well 'not only speed nozzle is reduced.

This construction provides an adjustment for winterand summer whereby the volume of fuel delivered to the mixing chamber of the carburetor upon the sudden opening* of the throttle is greater in winter than in summer.

The opening 35 forms an auxiliary control- 1 for regulating the volume of fuel injected through the high speed nozzle upon the opening of the throttle as by increasing and decreasing the size of .this opening, the volurne of fuel linjected through the high speed Y:so

nozzle into the mixing chamber of the carburetor can be increased and decreased whereby the volume of'fuel to be injected can be regulated.

I am aware that I am not the first in the art to provide means for injecting fuel into the mixing chamber by the sudden movement of the throttle, but in prior constructions, such as' disclosed in the Harris Patent No. 1,066,608, dated July 8, 1913, no means were provided for regulating the volume of fuel injected while my invention is an improvement upon the arris patent, whereby I am able to not only meter the fuel passing to the high speed nozzleunder normal running condition, but to regulate the 'volume of fuel injected when the throttle is suddently opened. i

The passage 41 terminates at its lower end in a cut awayportion 41" of the plunger 38,

so that as the plunger moves upwards through the plug 37 the air trap d in the well between'the piston 40-and t e plu 37 is allowed to escape after the lowe end o the passage 41 has passed through the extreme lower end of the plug 37. L

From the foregoing description it is seen that I have provided a carburetor with means for metering the fuel delivered to the jeta-nd for injecting and regulating the liow of fuel delivered to the mixing chamber of the carburetor by the movement of the throttle so that the proper amount of fuel Will be de` livered \to the carburetor under all conditions..

What I lclaim is 1. A carburetor having a carbureting passage provided with a throttle valve control- Yling the outlet thereof, a fuel nozzle disposed in said carbureting passage, a fuel bowl, a

fuel passage for supplying fuel to said fuel nozzle from said bowl, a well disposed between said fuel bowl and,- said fuel nozzle in outlet thereof, a fuel nozzle supplying fuell to said carbureting passage, a 'fuel bowl for supplying fuel to sald nozzle, a fuel well in communication with said fuel bowl and said nozzle, a piston working in said well having a connection with said valve, a check valve disposed inthe fuel passage extending from said fuel bowl to 'said nozzle and an adjustable spring pressed plunger arranged in the path of travel of said check valve.

- 3. A carburetor comprising a body having a carbureting passage provided with a valve controlled inlet and a valve controlled outlet, a fuel well, a fuel nozzle disposed in said carbureting passage, a fuel bowl, a fuel passage extending from said fuel bowl to said well, a fuel passage extending from said well to said fuel nozzle, a piston working in said well having a metering pin for metering the fuel passingto said nozzle, a connection between said piston andthe outlet valve of said carbureting passage, a check valve disposed in the fuel passage extending from said fuel `bowl to said well, a plungerl mounted to move in the path of travel of said check valve and means for adjusting said plunger t0 hold said valve off its seat to decrease the volume of fuel injected by said vpiston through said fuel nozzle.

4. A carburetor having a carbureting passage provided with al valve controlling the outlet thereof, a pump for injecting fuel by the movement. of said valve into said car` bureting passage, a fuel bowl, a passage extending from said fuel bowl to said pump, a check valve disposed in-said passage/and means for holding said check valve off its seat to decrease the volume offuel injected by said pump into said carbureting passage.

5. A carburetor having a carbureting lpassage provided with a throttle valve controllin the outlet thereof, a pump operated by said throttle valve for'injectlng fuel into said carbureting passage, a fuel bowl, a passage extending from said fuel bowl to said pump, a check valve disposed in said passage, and means for holding said check valve off its seat to decrease the volume of fuel injected by said pump into said carbureting passage.

6. A carburetor comprising av carburetingv passage having a valve controlling the outlet thereof, a pump operated by said 'valve A for injecting fuel into said carbureting passage, a fuel bowl for supplyingfuel to said v passage cation with Pump said pump and a member mounted in said fuel .bowl and capable of being moved into the path of travel of said check valve for holding said check valvel off its seat to decrease the volume of fuel injected by said pump into said carbureting passage.

7. A carburetor comprising a' carbureting passage having alvalve controlling the outlet thereof, a pump operated by the movement of said valve for injecting fuel into said carbureting passage, a fuel bowl, a fuel passage extending from said bowl to said pump, a check valve disposed in said fuel passage, and a 'spring pressed 'plunger mounted in said fuel bowl and capable of being moved into the path of travel of said check valve.'

8. A carburetor having a carbureting passage provided with a valve controlling the outlet thereof, a pump operated by the movement of said valve for injecting fuel into saidcarbureting passage, a fuel bowl, a fuel passage extending from said bowl to said pump, a check valve disposed in said fuel passage, a spring pressed plunger mounted in said fuel bowl and capable of being moved into the path of travel'of said check valve and means for adjusting said plunger.

9. A carburetor having a carbureting passage provided with a valve controlling the outlet thereof, a pump operated by the movement of said valve for injecting fuel into said carbureting passage, a fuel bowl, a fuel passage extending' from said bowl to said pump, a check valve disposed in said fuel passage, a plunger mounted in said fuel-bowl and capable of being moved into the path of travel of said check valve, means for adjusting said plunger and means for holding said plunger in adjusted position. f

10. A carburetor having a carbureting passage provided with a valve controlling the outlet thereof, a pump operated by said valve for injecting fuel into said carbureting passage, a fuel bowl, a tube disposed in said fuel bowl provided with a valve chamber, a fuel passage extending from ,said tube to said v said valve chamber being in communisaid fuel bowl through a valve controlled opening, an unclosable calibrated opening extending from said valve chamber to said fuel bowl and means adjustable from' the top of said bowl for holding said valve in open position.

Pump,

a check valve arranged in the fuelv extending from said fuel bowl to ume of fuel injected by said pump into said carbureting passage and an unclosable calibrated opening in said first mentionedfuel passage having a metering pin cooperating therewith for independently controlling the volume of fuel injected by said pump into said carbureting passage.

l2. The combination withl a carburetor having a throttle valve and, of a pump for injecting fuel into the carbureting passage thereof operated by said throttle valve, said pump comprising a plump chamber, a piston mounted therein, a piston rod loosely connected to said piston, said rod having a eut away portion and a passage extending from said out away portion through said piston rod to the atmosphere for venting said chamber above said piston.

13. A carburetor having a carbureting passage provided witha throttle valve controlling the outlet thereof, a fuel nozzle disposed in said carbureting passage, a fuel bowl, a fuel well, said well being in communication with said fuel bowl and said fuel nozzle through a fuel passage, a piston working in said well having a connection with said valve, a check valve disposed in the fuel passage extending to said well and an adjustable plunger arranged in the path of travel of said check valve for controlling the discharge of fuel through said nozzle by the movement of said piston.

14. A carburetor having a carbureting passage, a throttle valve'controlling the passage of an explosive mixture through said pasf sage, a pump for injecting fuel by the movef ment of said throttle valve into said carbu- Vlreting passage, a fuel bowl, apassage extending from said fuel bowl to said pump, means operated by the movement of the throttle valve for metering the fuel supplied to said carbureting passage, a check valve disposed in said fuel passage and manually controlled means for adjusting said check valve to regulate the volume of fuel injected by said pump into said carbureting passage.

n'testimony whereof I hereunto aiiix my signature.

JACOB RICHARD FRANCIS.

11. A carburetor having a carbureting pas-1,'

sage provided with a valve controlled outlet,'a pump operated by said valve for in-4 jecting fuel into said carbureting passage2 through a fuel passage, a fuel bowl, Qa fuel passage extending from said fuel bowl to said pump, a check valve in saidlast mentioned fuel passage, means for holding said 55, check valve unseated for/ decreasing the vol- 

